1, 4-dihydroxy-2-aminoalkyl (thio or sulfonyl) anthraquinones



United States Patent This invention relates to new anthraquinone compounds, their preparation and their application for the dyeing or coloring of acrylonitrile polymers, especially in the form of textile materials.

We have discovered that the new anthraquinone compounds having the formula:

ll R1 /C\ XRN wherein X represents a thio radical or a sulfonyl radical, R represents an alkylene radical having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, R and R each represents a member selected from the class consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and an allyl radical, and wherein collectively represents a morpholinyl radical, a piperidyl radical, a 4-methylpiperidyl radical or a 4-methylpiperazinyl radical, and the quaternary ammonium forms thereof, are valuable dyestufis for acrylonitrile polymers, especially acrylonitrile polymer textile materials. These compounds have excellent affinity for said acrylonitrile polymers and yield bright yellow to orange dyeings thereon which have good to excellent fastness to light, washing, gas and sublimation.

Unless otherwise indicated, the term acrylonitrile polymer as used herein and in the claims includes polymers consisting essentially of polymerized acrylonitrile (-i.e., acrylonitrile polymers containing at least 85% by Weight of acrylonitrile) as well as modified acrylonitrile polymers known in the art as modacrylics. The modacrylics contain at least 40% but less than 85% acrylonitrile by weight. The modacrylic fibers disclosed in US. Patents 2,811,409, 2,831,826 and 2,843,572, for example, can be dyed with our new anthraquinone compounds.

The acrylonitrile polymer fibers sold under the trademarks Verel and Orion, in the form of filaments, yarn and fabric, for example, are illustrative of the acrylonitrile polymer textile materials that can be dyed with our new anthraquinone compounds.

The non-quaternary anthraquinone compounds of our invention wherein X is a thio radical are readily prepared by reacting a 2-halogen-1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone compound, such as 2-bromo-1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone or 2-chloro-1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone, for example, with an aminoalkanethiol compound having the formula:

R1 HSRN wherein R, R and R have the meaning previously assigned to them.

The non-quaternary anthraquinone compounds of our invention wherein X is a sulfonyl radical are prepared by oxidizing the corresponding thio compounds. This oxidatron can be carried out by known means for oxidizing a thio compound to a sulfonyl compound. The oxidation can be carried out by oxidizing the thio compound with hydrogen peroxide in an organic acid medium, such as acetic acid.

The quaternary ammonium compounds of our invention are obtained by converting the non-quaternary compounds to their quaternary ammonium forms using known procedures.

Quaternization may be carried out in an inert solvent using the known quaternizing agents. A dialkyl sulfate, an alkyl chloride, an alkyl bromide, an alkyl iodide, an aralkyl chloride, an aralkyl bromide or an alkyl ester of para-toluene sulfonic acid, for example can be employed. Specific quaternizing agents include, for example, dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate, di(n-propyl) sulfate, diisopropyl sulfate, di(n butyl)sulfate, ethyl bromide, ethyl chloroide, methyl iodide, ethyl iodide, isopropyl iodide, n-propyl iodide, n-butyl iodide, lauryl iodide, benzyl chloride, benzyl bromide, methyl p-toluene sulfonate, ethyl p-toluene sulfonate, n-propyl p-toluene sulfonate and n-butyl p-toluene sulfonate.

Inert solvents that can be used in the quaternization reaction include, for example, dimethyl formamide, ace tone, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, isopropanol, n-butanol, chlorobenzene and nitrobenzene.

The following examples illustrate the invention:

EXAMPLE 1 3.16 grams of 2-bromo-1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone were added to a solution prepared from 0.56 gram of KOH, 30 cc. of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and 1.47 grams of 18-N-m0rpholinylethanethiol. The resulting reaction mixture was refluxed, with stirring, for 8 hours and then cooled. The product which precipitated was recovered by filtration, washed With water, and dried. The dye compound thus obtained has the formula:

It dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 2 1 gram of the dye compound obtained in Example 1 and 10 cc. of acetic acid were heated together, with stirring, on a steam bath. 2 cc. of 30% H 0 were added dropwise over a period of about 1 hour and heating was continued for 1 hour longer. The reaction mixture was then drowned in 20 times its volume of water and the reaction product which precipitated Was recovered by filtration, washed with water and dried. The dye compound obtained has the formula:

0 OH it CHr-CHZ SCH2CHz-N O O CHr-CH:

u I O OH It dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades of a yellower hue than the dyeings obtained with the dye of Example 1.

3 EXAMPLE 3 0.5 gram of the dye compound obtained in Example 1 and cc. of dirnethyl sulfate were heated together on a steam bath for 45 minutes. After cooling, the reaction mixture was drowned in 5 times its volume of ethyl ether and the product which precipitated was recovered by filtration, Washed with ethyl ether and dried. The methyl methosulfate quaternary ammonium salt form of the dye compound of Example 1 was obtained. It is water soluble and dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, bright orange shades.

EXAMPLE 4 To a solution of 0.3 gram of KOH in cc. of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether were added 0.67 gram of fi-N- n-butylaminoethanethiol and then 1.8 grams of 2-bromo-1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone. The reaction mixture was refluxed, with stirring, for 2.5 hours, drowned in 10 times its volume of water .and neutralized with a few drops of hydrochloric acid. The dye compound which precipitated was recovered by filtration, washed with water and dried. It dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 5 Example 1 was repeated using 1.45 grams of 18-N- piperidylethanethiol in place of fi-N-morpholinylethane-i thiol. The dye compound obtained dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 6 Example 1 was repeated using 1.6 grams of 1-(2- mercaptoethyl) -4-methylpiperazine CH2CH2 NCHa) CH2CH2 in place of ,B-N-morpholinylethanethiol. The dye compound obtained dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 7 Example 1 was repeated using 1.33 grams of 13-N- diethylaminoethanethiol [HSCH CH N(C H5)2] in place of ,8-N-morpholinylethanethiol. The dye compound obtained dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 8 Example 1 was repeated using 1.61 grams of fi-N-din-propylaminoethanethiol [HSCH CH N(n-C H in place of ,B-N-morpholinylethanethiol. The dye compound obtained dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 9 Example 1 was repeated using 1.89 grams of B-di-nbutylaminoethanethiol in place of B-N-m-orpholinylethanethiol. The dye compound obtained dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 10 Example 1 was repeated using 1.1 grams of ,B-N-dimethylaminoethanethiol in place of B-N-morpholinylethanethiol. The dye compound obtained dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 1 l 1 grams of the dye compound of Example 10 was dissolved by heating in cc. of chlorobenzene. Two

cc. of benzyl bromide were added and the resulting reaction mixture was heated at 60-70 C. for 2.5 hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was drowned in 5 times its volume of hexane and the product which precipitated was recovered by filtration, washed with hexane and dried. The benzyl bromide quaternary ammonium salt form of the dye of Example 10 was obtained. It is water soluble and dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 12 I 1 gram of the dye compound of Example 7,2 grams of dimethyl sulfate and 10 cc. of chlorobenzene are heated together for 1 hour on a steam bath. After cooling, the dye compound, the methyl methosulfate quaternary ammonium salt form of the dye compound of Example 7, which precipitates is recovered by filtration and dried. It is water soluble and dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, bright orange shades.

EXAMPLE 13 0.7 gram of the dye compound of Example 2 and 5 cc. of methyl p-toluenesulfonate are heated together for 2 hours on a steam bath. After cooling the reaction mixture is diluted with 5 times its volume of xylene and the product which precipitates is recovered by filtration, washed with xylene and dried. The methyl p-toluenesulfonate quaternary ammonium salt form of the dye compound of Example 2 is obtained. It is water soluble and dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, reddish-yellow shades.

EXAMPLE 14 EXAMPLE 15 A By the use of 1.2 grams of l-dimethylamino-Z-mercaptopropane in Example 1 in place of ,8N-morpholinylethanethiol 1,4 dil1ydr0xy-2- s CHCH2N CH3) 2 anthraquinone is obtained. It dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 16 By the use of 1.45 grams of 3-diethylamino-l-propanethiol in Example 1 in place of fl-N-morpholinylethanethiol 1,4 dihydroxy-2-SCH CH CH N(C H 2 anthraquinone is obtained. It dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 17 Example 2 is repeated using 1 gram of the dye compound of Example 7.

1,4-dihydroxy-2- S OH2CHz-N (C2115) 2 anthraquinone is obtained. It dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, yellowishorange shades.

EXAMPLE 18 By the use of 1.45 grams of Z-n-butylamino-l-propaneth-iol in Example 1 in place of fl-N-morpholinyle-thanethiol 1,4-dihydroxy-2S-CH2CHCHa HN('n.C Hg) anthraquinone is obtained. It dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 19 EXAMPLE 2() By the use of 2.03 grams of 3-d-ibutylamino-1-propanethiol [J .A.C.S., vol. 70, pages 950-5 (1948)] in Example 1 in place of 5-N-morpho-linylethanethiol 1,4-dihydroxy- 2-SCH CH CH N(C H -anthraquinone is obtained It dyes aorylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 21 By the use of 0.77 gram of Z-aminoet-hanethiol in Exam ple l in place of B-N-m-orpholinylet-hanethiol, 1,4-dihydroxy-2-SCH CH NH anthraquinione is obtained. It dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 22 Example 1 is repeated using 0.91 gram of Z-methylaminoethanethiol in place of ,B-N-morpholinylethanethiol.

H 1,4-d1hydroxy-2-S 0 H2 0 HgN anthraquinone is obtained. It dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 23 Example 1 is repeated using 1.6 grams of 3-(1- piperidyl)propyl mercaptan [J.A.C.S., 69, 519-21 (1947)] in place of fl-N-morpholinylethanethiol.

CH2CHz 1,4dlhyjIOXy-2-S CII2CH2CHT-N /CII2 CH2-CH2 anthraquinone is obtained. It dyes acrylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, orange shades.

EXAMPLE 24 Example 2 is repeated using 1 gram of the dye compound of Example 6.

anthraquinone is obtained. It dyes aorylonitrile polymer textile materials, such as Verel and Orlon, yellowishorange shades.

The following tabulation further illustrates the 1,4- dihydroxy-Z-substit-uted anthraquinone compounds of our invention together with the color they dye acrylonitrile polymer materials. The substituent present in the 2-position is set forth in the tabulation. These compounds are prepared in accordance with the procedure described hereinbefore.

TABLE I Example N0. Substitnent in 2-p0siti011 Color S CH2 OH NH C2115 Orange SCH2CHzNH(H-C3H7) D0. SCHzCHzNH(iSO-C3H D0. SCH2CH2NH(iS0-C4H9) D0. SOH2CHzNH(SeC.-O4Hg) D0. SCHQCH2NH(tert.-C4Hu) D0. SCH2OH2NHGH2OH=CH2 D0. SCH2CH2N(CHa)z D0. SOHzOH2N(i-O3H7)2 SCHzCH2N(iSO-O4H9) Do. --SCH2OH2N (sec -C4H9)2 D0. -SCH2OH2N(CH2CH=CH2);. D0. -SCH2CHzCH2N(CH3)2 D0. SOH2CH2CH2N(C2 6 2-- D0. SCHCH2N(CH3)z D0.

CHr-CH 40 SCH2CH2N CH2 Yellowishorange. 0 CH2 CH3 41 S OH2OH2N(C2H5)2 D0.

OH2 CH2 /H 42 S OH2C HZN /C\ Orange.

CH2OH3 CH3 CHPOHZ /H 3 ;S CHzCH2N Yellowishorange.

0 CHr-CH; CH3

4 SCH2CH2N(I1-C4H9)2 DO.

45 SCH2CH2N(CHzCH=CH2)g D0.

16 -S-OH2CH2CH2N(C2H5) D0.

OHz-CH 7 -SCHzCHzCHzN CH2 Do.

CH2OH Addition-a1 quaternary ammonium compounds of our invention together with the color they dye acrylonitrile polymer materials are set forth hereinafter.

TABLE II Example N0. Compound of- Quaternizing agent Color Example 4 Dimethy1sulfate. Orange Example 5 d0 Do. Example 6 Do. Example 9. Do. Example 16 Do. Example 3 Do. Example 3 D0. Example 34. Do. Example 36. Do. Example 37 D0. Example 38 Do. Example 39 Do. Example 40- Yellowishorange.

Example 42 do Orange.

Aminoethanethiol compounds having the formula:

was added and the benzene removed under vacuum. The ethyl 2-hydroxyethylthiolcarbonate was then distilled through an 18" glass-helices-packed column equipped R 1 with a variable reflux ratio stillhead. B.P. 84 C./0.4 HSCH2CH2N\ 5 mm.; 21 1.4782; yield 653 g. (87 percent).

Preparation of ethyl Z-mercaploethylcarbonate wherein 1 and 2 have the mfianing Previously assigned Z-mercaptoethanol (156 g., 2.0 moles) and ethyl chloto them have bfien P p y a number of methodsroformate (434 g., 4.0 moles) were heated on a steam one method involves the reaction of aminoethyl halides bath under a reflux condenser for seven hours. Crude with hydrosulfides of the alkali metals. Another method h l 2 meraptoethy1carb0nate was collected by i 11 is based on the condensation of aminoethyl halides with tion, 74 7 0 mm 25 Yield, 105 thiourea followed by alkaline hydrolysis. A third and (35 percent) more preferred method is the mercaptoethylation of pri- 15 AnaL Calcd. f CsHmOsS; C, H, S, mary and secondary amines by reaction with ethylene Found; 40 1 sulfide. This last process leaves much to be desired because of the difliculties encountered in handling ethylene Mercaptoethylation with ethyl 2hydr0xysulfide. Ethylene sulfide readily polymerizes and cannot ethylthiolcarbonate be stored safely in large quantities. Hence this process is not suitable for mercaptoethylation on a large scale. General procedure: A mixture of 1.0 mole of ethyl The aminoethanethiol compounds having the formula 2-hydroxyethylthiolcarbonate, 3.0 moles of amine and given hereinbefore can also be prepared by reacting 2- 500 ml. of toluene was refluxed overnight under an effihydroxyethylthiolcarbonate esters d Z-mercaptoethylcient reflux condenser. Product isolation was eifected carbonate esters with the primary and secondary amin 25 by distillation under reduced pressure through a 14" havi the formula: glass-helices-packed column. The results are tabulated in Table III. /R1 TABLE III 3.12. range, Percent yield Amine Product CJmm. of aminoethanethiol wherein R and R have the meaning previously assigned to lattelr is g i fgggg i il g' i 9 Piperidine 2-pli1pefidylethane- 8187/12 62 co en ing app ication er. 0. e une io. 1921 by Donald L. Fields and Delbert D. Reynolds. 4'methylplpendme' gg-gggggg gg ggfi 101-104/12 59 Ethyl 2-hydroxyethylthiolcarbonate and ethyl Z-mercap- M p lin z ggfil i gl- 1o7-111/26 62 toethylcarbonate are illustrative of thle aforesaid esterf; Diethyhminerunu g g ii 7344/34 61 com ounds that can be em loyed. T e preparation 0 40 we these compounds and the m nner in which they are used Dl'nbutylamlne" l ggfig g gi 64/07 73 to prepare aminoethanethiol compounds are described hereinafter.

Preparation of ethyl 2-hydr0xyethylthiolcarbonate A'mixmre of one liter of benzene 542 g males) of Mercaptoelhylation with ethyl 2-mercaptoethylcarbonate ethyl chloroformate and 200 ml. of water was stirred at General procedure: A mlxture of amine (3.0 moles) 15 C. A solution consisting of 1.5 l. of water, 200 g. and anhydrous toluene (500 ml.) was brought to reflux (5 moles) of sodium hydroxide and 390 g. (5 moles) of under an efiicient condenser topped by an acetone-Dry Z-mercaptoethanol was added over a period of one hour. Ice trap. Ethyl Z-mercaptoethylcarbonate 150 g., 1.0 During this time, the reaction temperature was maintained mole) was then added dropwise to the reaction mixture between 15 and 20 C. After stirring for an additional over a one-hour period. After refluxing overnight, the 15 minutes, the reaction mixture was acidified with hy- Z-aminoethanethiol was isolated by distillation through a drochloric acid. The benzene layer was separated, washed 14" glass-helices-packed column equipped with a variable once with 500 ml. of cold water, separated and dried over take-0E head. anhydrous MgSO Twenty-five grams of stearic acid The results are tabulated in Tables IV and V.

TABLE IV Analysis, percent Percent Percent B.P., No. RNH yield purity 3 O./1 n m n Calculated Found C H N C H N iso-C H NI-I 7 82.2 56/18 50.4 10 9 11.8 51.0 10.8 11.2 2 n-C I:I I IH 32 98. 2 76/13 1. 4694 3 isoC4H9NH 37 94. 2 79/23 1. 4645 54. 1 11.3 10. 5 5d. 8 11. 4 10, 6 4 sec-C4H9NH 42 95. 8 74/21 1. 4670 54.1 11. 3 10. 5 54. 2 11.3 10.4 5 tert-O4H9NH- 15 92. 4 /29 54. 1 11.3 10. 5 54. 3 10. 6 10. 5 6 CH =OHCH;NI-I- 44 94.9 70/16 1. 4931 51. 3 9. 4 12. 0 51. 5 9. 1 12. 9

a Purity determined by iodomctric titration.

TABLE V [RQNH-l-EiZOGOZCHZ OHZSH R2NCH2CH2SH+CO2+EtOH] Analysis, percent Percent Percent B.P., N 0. RgN yield purity e C./nnn. on Calculated Found C H N G H N 1 (C2H )zN 73 100.0 85/56 1. 4636 2 (CSH7)2N' 88 98. 8 77/10 1. 4614 59. 6 ll. 8 8. 7 59. 5 11. 8 8. 5 3 (iso-CaH7)zN 95. 7 73/9 1. 4670 59. 6 11. 8 8. 7 59. 3 11. 8 8. 7 4 (11-C-1H9)2N 91 100. 0 66/0. 7 1. 4620 5 (iso-C4Hn)zN 89 100. 0 91/10 1. 4572 63. 5 12. 2 7. 4 63. 7 12. 3 7. 4 6 (Sec-C4Ho)2N. 95. 5 93/8 1. 4715 63. 5 l2. 2 7. 4 63. 2 12. 0 7. 4 7 (CH2=CHCHz)-2N 92 90/17 1. 4898 61. 1 9. 6 8. 9 61. 1 10. 1 9. 2

H Hz CG\ 8 HzC N 96 99. 2 79/10 1. 4991 CC H2 H CH2CH2 (EH-r011 CHPCE2 10 CH3N 94 100. 0 95/10 1. 5040 C H2CH2 Determined by iodometric titration.

Since many amines have low boiling points, very low TABLE VI reaction temperatures are obtained at normal pressure. By conducting the reaction in a rocking-type autoclave, employing a positive displacement pump to meter the ethyl 2-hydroxyethylthiolcarbonate or the ethyl Z-mercaptoethylcarbonate into the amine-solvent mixture, yields can be significantly improved because of the higher operating temperature.

General mercaptoethylation procedure for amines of Table VI A charge consisting of amine (3.0 moles) and benzene (150 ml.) was loaded into a stainless steel autoclave. The autoclave was sealed, placed in a rocking heater stand and heated to 125150 C. Agitation was started at this point and ethyl 2-mercaptoethylcarbonate 150 g., 1.0 mole) was metered into the autoclave by means of a Lapp Pulsafeeder metering pump. This addition required approximately 16 min, and was followed by 50 ml. of benzene. Agitation was continued for 5-10 min., at the operating temperature with the final pressure reaching 5004500 p.s.i. depending on the vapor pressure of the amine used.

The autoclave was removed from the heater stand, cooled to room temperature, vented in a hood, and the product isolated by distillation through a 14" glasshelices-packed column equipped with a variable take-off head. In some instances the mixture from the autoclave contained a considerable amount of solid carbamate salt This material, however, was usually heat unstable and it decomposed into its components (amine and CO before the distillation of the desired product commenced.

R!R2NOH2CH2SH+C2H5OH+CO21 No. R1RN- Percent Percent B.P., 1111 yield purity a CJmm H Purity determined by iodometric titration. b M.1., 34-35" C. c M.P., 41-43" 0.

The aminoalkanethiol compounds used in preparing the new anthraquinone compounds of our invention are known compounds. Any that are not specifically described may be prepared by methods analogous to those used in preparing the aminoalkanethiol compounds that are specifically described. The preparation of the aminoethanethiol compounds by a new method described and claimed in copending U.S. application Serial No. 115,932, filed June 9, 1961, by Donald L. Fields and Delbert D. Reynolds has been described hereinbefore. The process described herein for the preparation of ethyl 2mercaptoethylcarbonate is also the invention of Fields and Reynolds and is described and claimed in their U.S. application Serial No. 115,932.

For purposes of clarity it is here noted that 2-morpholinylethanethiol and ,8-N-morpholinylethanethiol refer to and that 2-piperidylethanethiol and fi-N-piperidylethanethiol refer to CHzCH2 HSCHzCHzN CH2 OH2Cfi As noted hereinbefore the non-quaternary anthraquinone compounds of our invention can be obtained in their quaternary ammonium salt form by treatment with a quaternizing agent using known procedures. Thus, for example, the methyl methosulfate form is obtained by treating any of the non-quaternary anthraquinone compounds with dimethyl sulfate. Any other quaternizing agent, such as those disclosed herein, can be used in place of dimethyl sulfate. The nature of the quaternizing agent appears to be immaterial insofar as the dyeing properties of the quaternary ammonium anthraquinone compound obtained are concerned.

Inasmuch as the new quaternary ammonium anthraquinone compounds of our invention are water soluble they are applied to the acrylonitrile polymer textile material from their solution in water, preferably at the boil. The property of water solubility is of real importance because dyes are almost exclusively applied from an aqueous dyebath. Because the dyes are water soluble the manufacturer thereof is relieved from the costly process of preparing mixes or dispersions that will form suspensions of finely divided solids and the dyer is relieved from the necessity of adding other substances in order to prevent the suspension or emulsion from breaking. If the dye suspension or emulsion breaks, uneven dyeing of the goods results and the dye fails to deliver the full money value of which it is capable.

The non-quaternary anthraquinone compounds of our invention are water-insoluble. They are applied to acrylonitrile polymer textile materials in the form of an aqueous dispersion.

The following example illustrates how the non-quaternary anthraquinone compounds of our invention can be used to dye acrylonitrile polymer textile materials.

EXAMPLE A 16.7 milligrams of the dye compound prepared in Example 7 were disolved by warming in cc. of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether. 20 cc. of a 1% aqueous solution of Igepon T (3112 (C17H33C ONCHzOHzSOaNa) were added and the volume brought to 200 cc. by the addition of water at 50 C. Five cc. of a 30% aqueous solution of formic acid were added, followed by 5 grams of Verel acrylic fabric. The temperature was brought to 90 C. and held there for 1 hour. The cloth was then rinsed in hot water and allowed to dry. It was dyed an attractive orange shade having excellent fastness to light and good fastness to gas, washing and sublimation. Similar results are obtained when Orlon 42 fabric is used instead of Verel fabric.

The following example illustrates how the quaternary ammonium anthraquinone compounds of our invention can be applied to acrylonitrile polymer textile materials.

EXAMPLE B 16.7 milligrams of the dye product of Example 3 were dissolved in 200 cc. of water and 5 grams of Verel acrylic fabric were added. The temperature was raised to about 90 C. and 5 cc. of a 5% aqueous solution of formic or acetic acid were added. The temperature was maintained at about 90 for 1 hour. The goods were then removed from the dye bath, rinsed in hot water and allowed to dry. The Verel fabric was dyed an attractive orange shade having excellent fastness to light and good fastness to washing, gas and sublimation. Similar results are obtained when an Orlon 42 fabric is dyed.

In the case of materials made of Verel acrylic fiber the dyebath temperature should not exceed 90 C. in order to avoid damage to the fiber. Dyeing can be carried out at the boil in the case of Orlon 42 acrylic fiber.

Although the invention has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of "the invention as described herein-above and as defined in the appended claims.

We claim:

1. An anthraquinone compound of the formula:

wherein X represents a member selected from a class consisting of S and SO R represents alkylene of two to three carbon atoms, R and R each represents a member of the class consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms and allyl and wherein collectively represents a member of the class consisting of morpholino, piperidino, 4-methylpiperidino and 4-methylpiperazino.

2. An anthraquinone compound of the formula:

wherein R and R each represents alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

3. The anthraquinone compound having the formula:

4. The anthraquinone compound having the formula:

5. The anthraquinone compound having the formula:

6. The anthraquiuone compound having the formula:

13, 14 7. The anthraquinone compound having the formula: 10. A quaternary ammonium salt of the compound of claim 5. 0 OH References Cited by the Examiner II CHr-CHg; L, ScHgcHzN/ 5 UNITED STATES PATENTS CHPCfig 2,640,059 5/1953 Salvm et a1. 260-272 2,759,940 8/1956 Bucheler et a1. 260-371 0/ 2,871,239 1/1959 DAmico 260247.1 '5 5 2,900,216 8/1959 Schwechten et a1. 8-39 2,972,622 2/1961 Grossrnan 260-380 3,084,015 4/1963 Grossmann 8-39 L 8. A quaternary ammonium salt of a compound of claim 1.

9. A quaternary ammonium salt of the compound of IRVING MARCUS Prlmary Examiner claim 3. NICHOLAS S. RIZZO, Examiner. 

1. AN ANTHRAQUINONE COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA:
 3. THE ANTHRAQUINONE COMPOUND HAVING THE FORMULA: 